Growing banana plants in the UK
Banana plants are not just for the tropics. In the UK, Musa basjoo - the Japanese fibre banana - is genuinely hardy and can survive most British winters outdoors in sheltered positions with some protection for the pseudostem. Other species, including Musa acuminata cultivars, are best treated as dramatic summer patio plants or kept as houseplants year-round in bright, warm rooms. The key to impressive banana growth is simple: maximum light, generous watering, and feeding heavily through the growing season. Given these conditions, a banana plant can put on extraordinary amounts of growth in a single summer.
How to care for banana plants
Banana plants need the brightest position available - south-facing windows or a conservatory are ideal indoors, or a sunny, sheltered outdoor spot in summer. Water generously: banana plants are thirsty and large specimens in active growth may need watering every day in hot weather. However, ensure good drainage - they do not tolerate waterlogging. Feed every two weeks with a high-potassium fertiliser from spring to early autumn. New leaves emerge from the central growing point; if this is damaged by cold or physical injury, the plant will not recover from that stem but will usually produce new offsets (pups) from the base.
Overwintering banana plants
Musa basjoo can stay in the ground in sheltered UK gardens if the pseudostem is wrapped with several layers of horticultural fleece or straw insulation from November to March. Even if the stem dies back, the underground rhizome usually survives and regrows in spring. Tender species like M. acuminata should be brought indoors before the first frost. They can be kept growing in a warm, bright room or allowed to die back partially and stored in a cool, frost-free place until spring.
Popular varieties
Musa basjoo is the hardiest banana, growing vigorously to 3-4 metres and suitable for sheltered outdoor growing in much of the UK. Musa acuminata 'Dwarf Cavendish' is the variety most commonly associated with edible bananas - it can fruit in a conservatory or polytunnel given enough heat and light, though this is rare in UK conditions. Ensete ventricosum 'Maurelii' (Ethiopian red banana) is not a true Musa but closely related, with dramatic blood-red undersides to its enormous leaves.